Edward Earl of March, futur King of England?

4^th, March 1461

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Marguerite d'Anjou

          Ladies and Gentlemen of England, times are changing and this year would be unforgettable. Good bye dear King Henry VI and his French born Queen Margaret of Anjou. Farewell Prince of Wales, Edward of Westminster, heir of the last King and Queen of England. And also adieu to the House of Lancaster which was on the throne since 1399!

          Welcome to Edward, last Earl of March, then Duke of York by his poor father's death on the Battle of Wakefield, three months ago. He has been crowned King of England hastily but will he stay king? The battle of Towton will be decisive, but could he reign well at his age? He is ninetheen. Some rumours say he's good-looking, then if you cannot be his wife and Queen of England, being his mistress! 

          But he won't be just king by title, he will be king of the english people, what do they think of him? This is time to let them say their own thought.

John ; 25. Yorkist Soldier.

          I am a Yorkist soldier. My father and my uncle fought with Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick. I have a cousin who fought with the brother of King Edward IV of England, Edmund, Earl of Rutland and who died during the battle with the king's father, Richard Duke of York. Sad time ; Earl of Rutland, Duke of York and Richard Neville, Earl of Salisbury, Warwick's father, had their heads cut off and put on spikes on the York wall to show everyone what could happen if you become a traitor. But now Edward IV is on the throne and he's the true heir of the crown of England. I will give my own life for him. God Save the King!

Nice to know it dear John, I hope you faith will be considered as it have to. And I hope too you will stay alive too see (perhaps) the official coronation of King Edward IV. God save you.

Gregory ; 41. Loyal man from the House of Lancaster.

          I am aghast! How could a boy be King of England?! Then he is a traitor, he has to finish as his brother and father; on a spike! King Henry VI has to come back to the throne and no one could claim as Richard last Duke of York the true heir of the crown! He will come back on his seat! Queen Margaret and him will fight for it. Richard II was a bad king, King Henry IV took the throne and save our England. Edward is Duke of York not King of England. He is an impostor.

A speech which could have repercussion on you Gregory. I hope you know some hiding-place... Perhaps your head will stay where she is. But why are you so contrarian? You do not like your life?

Joan ; 22; Prostitute.

          I've heard there's a new King of England by the speechs of my clients. Some of them were angry, some others truly well. I am not a Lancastrian or Yorkist woman. You know what I am, don't you? I am a slut. Yes, I work in the street and actually I really don't care of what happen with this f*cking golden crown. If there is no repercussion in my business, it's good. Then could you go out, I've a client in two minutes...

Then she closed the door, but I am pretty sure your work wouldn't have deals with this new king, perhaps you could meet him...

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The Coronation of our Greatest King Edward IV

28th June 1461

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          Edward, Duke of York has been officially crowned has Edward VI! Indeed he has win the battle which took place at Towton and he defeated the army of Lancaster. 

             50,000 soldiers fought under the banners of the House of Lancaster and the House of York. With a miserable weather, 28,000 men died on the battle field. Some source estimated there were 200,000 soldiers! Please, you aren't serious, are you?

The battle field of Towton
after months

              The Last King and Queen of England stayed at York and this battle was a decisive battle because the winner will be the king. Then from the House of Lancaster, Andrew Trollope and Henry Percy died on the battle field and one of the closest gentleman of the last King of England, Ralph Dacre, has been murdered by an archer who was hid, Lord Robert Horne, a member of the House of York, has been killed too.

               Let's talk about the coronation of this good-looking king. He is at 6 ft 4 and he has an impressive muscular that even hid by his armor all girls and women are dazzled by him! He wore a beautiful coat strewed with ermine. The church was full and the population's screams were so high that no one couldn't hear the archbishop!

But I can assure you the crown suits him perfectly well!

Who was there? Have you seen him or his brother George Plantagenet and Richard Plantagnet, respectively eleven  and nine years old.

Ann ; 9 ; Peasant.

                I am small and I could go wherever I want. I was in front of the crowd and I saw everything. The king is so tall on his horse, and so beautiful. I saw women with blush on her cheeks. He greeted us with a smile I won't forgive, it was so sincere. I guess I love him, I want to be his Queen!

So cute to see a little girl thinking that. But I'm not sure he could married you Ann, he is the king and he has surely a engagement with someone, from Spain? France? Germany? Ask to Richard Neville! 

Richard Neville; 32 ; Earl of Warwick, The Kingmaker

                Edward is now King of England, all efforts we've done to put his father, the greatest Richard Duke of York and then his first born son succeeded today by this official coronation. This is a reborn for England after this fool king who is the grandson of Henry IV who usurped the throne to Richard II. This is a new area for England and I am please to tell you I've great project for him. I have in mind to betrothed him to a Princess, perhaps French.

What? Our prettiest king betrothed to a French Princess? If she is as Margaret of Anjou, please don't. I guess England has had enough with her! But I will find who could be this French Princess... If she disappear, this is probably because of the women who wanted to be the next Queen of England...

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Georges and Richard Plantagenet

5th November 1461

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          This isn't with surprise I tell you George Plantagenet and Richard Plantagenet, King Edward IV's brothers have been titled as Dukes on the first day of this month. The first one was made George Duke of Clarence and the youngest, Richard Duke of Gloucester. This is great new that now they are both an excellent part of the english nobility who need to be married. As King Edward IV!

           They received some proposals but no one could say what will hapen to this. Then at the age of twelve years old - he was born the 21st October 1449-, George could stay at Westminster palace with the king. 

            However, Richard Duke of Gloucester is too young and Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, called The Kingmaker, kept him at Middleham Castle. He studies the kinghtly conduct, he learns latin, French, law, mathematics, penmanship, music, horsemanship and military training. Moreover, Warwick teachs him  to pratice with sword, dagger and battle-axe, and how to manage a hawk and to hunt. He'll become the most cultivated man of England my Dear Readers... Then he spends his time at Middleham with Warwick's daughters; Isabel and Anne Neville, and Francis Lovell, one of the boy Warwick has in charge.

Cecily Neville,
Duchess of York

           Then Lord Hasting assured : "Actually, Edward is King of England and to give these titles to his brothers, this is a huge consideration and I do not doubt they will be forever faith to him. He is their brother." and Cecily Neville, the king's mother added : " I rememeber when they were young and now they grew up and they're Dukes. I am proud of them, this was God's wishes, and by the God' sake they are blessed."

             

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Richard Neville, Earl of Warwrick, anger against King Edward IV

3rd March 1469

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Richard Neville,
Earl of Warwick

          The secret marriage of Edward IV and Elizabeth Wydville stopped the negociations of Warwick with the French crown for a betrothal in 1464. Bona, the sister-in-law of King Louis XI, was the princess whi interested The Kingmaker. Revealing that he was already married, Edward IV caused great offence to Richard Neville because he acted in secret.

           In july 1465, he escorted the fallen king, Henri VI, who was once more captured, in the Tower of London. Then Warwick has been sent in the spring of 1466 to carry out negociations with the French and the Burgundians to the continent. The marriage proposal of Edward's sister Margaret with them was the main thing which was negociated. But in October, Eward IV had already signed a secret treaty with Burgundy and Warwick was forced to carry on sham negociations with the French. Then, he asked to his cousin the king to marry George, Duke of Clarence, to his oldest daughter Isabel, but the king refused. The Rivers Family have a dominance's position at court.

           In autumn of 1467, rumours say that the earl has sympathetic to the Lancastrian cause but in July, John de Vere, Earl of Oxford, was involved in a Lancastrain conspiracy. Now Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, The Kingmaker openly broke with King Edward IV

            What will be the consequences of this tears? What are your reactions?

Francis Scrogs; 34 ; Earl of Bedfortmay

          I am torn, I am faith to His Garce King Edward IV, but I could understand the feelings of the earl of Warwick. He has done everything for his cousin but he has been put aside by the favour of the Rivers Family. And Isabel Neville is not betrothed to the Duke of Clarence anymore, the king has refused. And Richard, Duke of Gloucester, isn't betrothed to his cousin Anne too. But how could he socialize with the Lancastrian? He has lost his brother and father at battle of Wakefield. And he was aghast when Elizabeth Wydville, a Lancastrian women, was declared wife and queen of Edward IV.

Your words are full of meaning and this case, as you said, is not simple and not finished.

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Henry VI, back again on the throne

30th October 1470

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           Today is a bad day. the third day of October, King Edward IV was not king anymore. Henry VI is know back on the throne of England.

Arm of Coat of
King Edward IV

            Queen Margaret who was exiled in Scotland and later in France was determined to go back in England and on the throne. Her and Warwick made a secret alliance and Anne Neville was pledged and betrothed to the heir of the Lancastrian Queen, Edward of Westminster. Warwick returned in England and restored Henry VI to the throne after the exile of our beloved last King Edward IV. But the mental estate of this king is unstable and Warwick and his son-in-law, Clarence who has lost his first baby in April, will rule in his name.

          Edward will probably raise an army in Burgundy, the place of exile of him and his brother Richard of Gloucester, still faith to him, to win back his kingdom. All Yorkist soldiers will fight for him and for his pregnant wife.

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Lady Anne Neville married to the heir of the House of Lancaster

15th December 1470

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          Lady Anne Neville, the Kingmaker's daughter, married probably on 13 December Edward of Westminster, Prince of Wales, son of King Henry VI recently back to the throne, and Queen Magaret. This wedding made Anne Princess of Wales and futur Queen of England.

          She was betrothed to Edward of Westminster in France in the Castle of Amboise and married in Angers Cathedral. This young fourtheen-years girl is now part of the War of the Roses and it won't stop the Cousin's quarelle.

          When the last King and Queen of England, thus Richard of Gloucester her beloved cousin, heard this, they were all in astonishment. In particular the duke, as said the source, who did not understand the wedding, claiming by this way the madness of  his last instructor.

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Richard Plantagenet; 18 ; Duke of York

           Lady Anne Neville is young and sweet. She is a girl who has been forced to order to her father, a man avid of power and to be the closest person to the throne. And he'll use all cards he must, as he has done with my brother George and Isabel. She is her father's pawn that he uses on a board as he wishes.

Your words sound as if you were ready to do anything for her... Your interest for your beloved cousin is laudable and you will probably succeed.

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Our beloved King Edward IV on the throne

11th April 1471

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King Edward IV

         Last King Henry VI who was restored to the throne on 30 October 1470 is not king anymore. Indeed, King Edward IV who took refuge in Burgundy with Richard of Gloucester, the place of living of their sister Margaret of York and her husband, Charles of Burgundy. But this help to raise an army and to win back the throne of England, gave to them by both the Duke and the Duchess had consequences; France declared war to Burgundy.

          Edward is now in England, he entered in York saying he just wanted to reclaim his dukedom. Then his brother George of Clarence reunited with him because he understood his fortune would be better with him than with King Henry VI.

          Actually, King Edward IV entered this time in London unopposed and he imprisoned King Henri VI in the Tower of London.

         Richard Neville, The Kingmaker, has to reply to him during and on the battlefield of Barnet. And Earl of Warwick , who fought with the king's father and the king himself has to battle but from the other side. Lancaster against York. The War of the Roses is not achieved.

Queen Elizabeth Wydville

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Elizabeth Wydville; 34 ; Queen of England

         I have never doubted of my beloved husband, Edward IV of England. His skills in strategy and in battles have been essential for him and for England. I am not in a sanctuary anymore and I have gave to the kingdom an heir, Edward. England is now saved in Edward's hands.

Then all the population is pleased to hear this and to know you're saved now. We know the king wouldn't let you ins this sanctuary for a long time. Your Grace, you are back again to the throne. Long live the Queen.

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Last King Henri VI is Dead

29th May 1471

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          This month died last King of England, Henry VI, in the Tower of London, after Edward's entrance. A chronicle of London said he died of "melancoliy" but of madness would be more likely. But this death is a shocked fro the Lancastrian and specially Margaret of Anjou who sees in this death a murder from the Sons of York, recently reunited. Moreover she lost her son last month... Poor woman. And this king's death removes the Lancastrian opposition.

          Henry VI is probably dead on 21 or 22 May, but this was exactly at this time that our beloved King Edward IV was re-crowned... And to save his place he ordered his murder. But could this murder be a royal scandal?

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List of the heirs of the throne the most renowned

20th October 1477

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         Some of readers asked me to make this article, there's indeed lot of heirs to the throne and we will show you the list. Perhaps you will find your prey...

Edward; 7 ; Prince of Wales

          Since 1471, the first born son of King Edward IV is Prince of Wales and he will probably succeed to his father to the throne as Edward V. But if you search a husband my ladies, we are not sure Queen Elizabeth will let you catch her little boy. His father the king has surely planned for him a great wedding contract.

Richard; 4 ; Duke of York, Duke of Norfolk, Earl of Warenne, Earl of Nottingham

         Second son of King Edward IV and Queen Elizabeth Wydville, this heir has already great titles but he is married to Anne de Mowbray, 8th Countess of Norfolk. You won't marry him ladies. He is preserve...

George of York; 7 months ; King Edward's third son.

         This baby boy is too young to be betroth to someone, but actually he will probably be appointed by his father the king as Duke. Of what? We do not now but soon.

George Plantagenet; 27 ; Duke of Clarence

         Brother of His Majesty the king, Clarence is in his brother's bloodline. Then we all know this is his wishes of being King of England. Where will go our beautiful country in his hands? Let us add his wife died next year and if the madness attracted you he's you man!

Richard Plantagenet; 25 ; Duke of Gloucester

          The Duke rules the North for King Edward IV with a great hand and if he became king and if he managed England as he does well in the North, we have no fear to have. Married to Anne Neville, we tell you that if her husband became King of England, she will be Queen Consort of England too, satisfying her dead father's wishes.

Edward Plantagenet; 2 ; George, Duke of Clarence's son

           As Clarence's son, he is an potential heir to the throne, his brother Richard of York died on 1 January 1477. A sad Happy New Year for the duke.

Edward of Middleham; 3 ; Richard, Duke of Gloucester's son

          At this time he is the only child of the Duke and Duchess of Gloucester, an heir to the throne of England but it is unlikely he will be, aside from if his cousins Edward, Richard, George, his uncle Clarence and his son Edward died.

Young Henry Tudor

Henry Tudor; 20 ; Lancastrian heir

      He is the son of Edmund Tudor, Earl of Richmond, half-brother of King HenryVI, and Margaret Beaufort. He could claimed the throne as his own but he won't be in the direct line of succession.

Now you know who could be next King of England and choose your prey.

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George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence is dead

19th February 1478

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          We have learned the George, the Royal Duke of Clarence has been executed on 18 February in the Tower of London. The Duke was jailed in the tower after his several treasons and his disloyalty towards our beloved King Edward IV. He was obsessed by the power, the money and his wicked whispers against the legitimacy of Edward IV have had his own life.

          We remind that he married Isabel Neville on July 1469 by interest and he orgenised a rebellion against his own brother the king with his father-in-law, the Earl of Wawrick. He put back on the throne the last King Henry VI and his French Queen on 30 October 1470 and he realised that all efforts which were done were for the Warwick's own interests. They were vain and he turned his coat.

          After the defeat of the Lancastrian Army and the death on the battle field of Tewkesbury of Warwick, he returned to the court, the king forgiving him. Despite the forgive of King Edward IV, George had never change his behavior. However, he was avid of the Neville's fortune and found in his broother Richard a rival. Indeed, Richard of Gloucester married Anne Neville, the youngest Warwick daughter in 1472, but he didn't  inherit the entire Warwick estate.

        Isabel Neville died on 22 December 1476 after giving birth to Richard, two months ago. Clarence accused one of her Ladies-in-waiting of killing the Duchess of Clarence and executed her. Their surviving two children, Margaret and Edward who will be cared by Anne Neville, their aunt, after their father's death.

         Clarence's mental state was questioned because of conspiring and ploting against our Majesty. Our Grace severly upbraided him and ordered his immediate confinement in the Tower of London by accusing him of treason George, Duke of Clarence was imprisoned and a trial of treason against his brother Edward IV began. Trying in vain to find evidence because of love which could clear him, the king heard the verdict as "Guilty", convicting George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence to the death sentence. He has been also "privately executed" yesterday, rumours pretending ha has been drowed in a butt of Malmsey wine, the Queen's favorite...

            Thus, the Three Sons of York is an achieved age. Are they destined to destroy the other?

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The Tower of London: Royal residence or Graveyard?

27th April 1478

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Queen Margaret of Anjou

          As you know our Dearest Reader The Tower of London is a very known place in England know as a Royal Residence for many ex kings and queens of our country but also is a terrible and horrible place for some of them which became their “cemetery”. 

Tower of London

          Many people were killed there just like King Henry VI who was a peaceful and pious man, not suited for the dynastic wars, such as the War of the Roses, which started during his reign. His periods of insanity and his inherent benevolence eventually required his wife, Margaret of Anjou to assume control of his kingdom, which contributed to his own downfall, the collapse of the House of Lancaster, and the rise of the House of York.

King Henry VI

          Henry was imprisoned in the Tower of London in whose Wakefield Tower he died during the night of 21 or 22 May 1471. In all likelihood, Henry's opponents had kept him alive up to this point rather than leave the Lancasters with a far more formidable leader in Henry's son Edward. According to the History of the arrival of Edward IV, an official chronicle favorable to Edward, Henry died of melancholy on hearing news of the Battle of Tewkesbury and his son's death. It is widely suspected, however, that Edward IV, who was re-crowned the morning following Henry's death, had in fact ordered his murder.

George Duke of Clarence

          Some loyalt subjects of the House of Lancaster explicitly states that Richard, Duke of Gloucester, killed Henry, but no contemporary sources make this claim. Another contemporary source, Wakefield's Chronicle, gives the date of Henry's death as 23 May, on which date Richard is known to have been away from London.

          Moreover, he's accused of murdering his own brother George, Duke of Clarence, but this is his avidity and thirst of power which killed him...

Well my dear reader what do you think about this horrible place?

Well I think that all this murders have a bad influence on this place and it’s a damned place which kills everybody who is going to the throne. I think that one of those kings should have the idea to destroy this “house of ghosts” and so the thinks may be would be different nowdays. It would absolutely change our history impact.

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The Royal Crown ; Subjet of War and Death

24th April 1483

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           Our country is divided since 1455, the beginning of the war between York and Lancaster. Today, while King Edward IV is dead, the conflict continue... 

           Even if the beginning of the quarrel dates since 1455, in reality the discord already exist for almost a century. Indeed, in 1399, Henry Bolingbroke (future Henry IV), Duke of Lancaster, dethroned his cousin Richard II however Henry wasn't legitimate. He descended from John of Gaunt, third son of Edward III and normally the throne was for the descendant of Lionel of Antwerp, second son of Edward III. Lionel's grandson, Roger Mortimer, was considered the true heir to the throne.

Henri VI

           This is why, in 1455 while Henry VI was king, Richard, Duke of York rebel against King Henry reminding the illegitimancy of the House of Lancaster and claiming himself as the true heir. And on 22th May 1455, he won the battle of Saint Albans, after that Richard Duke of York, headed the country during four years, Henry suffered of madness, he lived out of the kingdom. 

           But in 1459, Richard was hunting out of the court by Henry VI, still king, and Margaret of Anjou. At this moment, Richard formed an alliance with Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick but Duke of York died during the Battle of Wakefield. Then, Henry took the power again. 

           In 1461,Yorkist won the battle of Towton. And on 28th July, 1461, Warwick made Edward IV, Richard's son, the king. Margaret and Henry ran away in Scotland. 

           In 1469, Warwick betrayed King Edward IV with George, Duke of Clarence, Edward lost the battle of Edgecote Moor and he was jailed. But he recovered the throne quickly and forgave them. After an other treason, Warwick and George ran away in France and made an alliance with Margaret of Anjou. Warwick suceeded and put back Henry VI to the throne. But, Edward IV won the battle of Barnet where Warwick was killed and then the battle of Tewkesbury in 1471.

           From this moment and nowdays, there were no more battles between the two roses however with the death of our King, things can change... 

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Finally, because of this war, many important people died...

• Richard, Duke of York,1460;
• Richard Wydville, Earl of Rivers, Last Queen Elizabeth's father, 1469;
• John Wydville, Last Queen Elizabeth's brother, 1469;
• Richard Neville, Earl of Warwick, 1471;
• Edouard of Wesminster, Last King Henry VI' s IV son, 1471;
• Georges, Duke of Clarence, 1478;
• Henry VI, 1471.

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